Prolonged (48-hour) Modest Hyperinsulinemia Decreases Nocturnal Heart Rate Variability and Attenuates the Nocturnal Decrease in Blood Pressure in Lean, Normotensive Humans.
From: Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
- Publish Date: Mar 2006
- ISSN: 0021-972X
- Volume: 91
- Issue: 3
- Pages: 851-9
- Medium: Print
- Language: English
- Citation (JAMA): Petrova Maja, Townsend Raymond, Teff Karen L, et al. Prolonged (48-hour) Modest Hyperinsulinemia Decreases Nocturnal Heart Rate Variability and Attenuates the Nocturnal Decrease in Blood Pressure in Lean, Normotensive Humans.. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Mar 2006;91:851-9
Abstract
CONTEXT: Heart rate variability (HRV), an index of cardiac vagal activity, is decreased in individuals with metabolic disease. The relationship between decreased HRV and metabolic disease is unclear. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether experimentally induced glucose intolerance decreases HRV in a circadian relevant manner in healthy individuals. DESIGN: This was a within-subject, randomized design study with subjects infused for 48 h with saline (50 ml/h) or 15% glucose (200 mg/m2.min). HRV was evaluated using time domain measurements taken over the 48-h period. Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored, and blood samples were taken. SETTING: This study was performed at the General Clinical Research Center of the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. PATIENTS: Sixteen healthy subjects (eight men and eight women; 18-30 yr old; mean body mass index, 21.7 +/- 1.6 kg/m2) were studied. RESULTS: After glucose infusion, mean plasma glucose was increased by 16.8% (P < 0.0001), and plasma insulin was increased by 99.4% (P < 0.0001) compared with after saline infusion. Significant decreases in homeostasis model assessment indicated a decrease in insulin sensitivity (saline, 0.52 + 0.13; glucose, 0.34 + 0.12; P < 0.0001). The nocturnal root mean square successive difference, an index of cardiac vagal activity, was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and nocturnal HR (P < 0.001) and blood pressure were significantly elevated (saline, 107.4 +/- 2.7; glucose, 112.5 +/- 3.3 mm Hg; P < 0.05) compared with the saline control. The change in homeostasis model assessment due to glucose infusion was significantly correlated with the change in root mean square successive difference (r = 0.48; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged mild hyperinsulinemia disrupts the circadian rhythm of cardiac autonomic activity. Early changes in the neural control of cardiac activity may provide a potential mechanism mediating the pathophysiological link between impaired glucose tolerance and cardiovascular disease.
Mesh Headings (Keywords): Adolescent, Adult, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Glucose Intolerance, Glucose Tolerance Test, Heart Rate, Humans, Hyperinsulinism, Hypotension, Male, Reference Values, Thinness
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