Anterior Cruciate Ligament Anatomy and Function Relating to Anatomical Reconstruction.
From: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. thore.zantop@ukmuenster.de
Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA
- Publish Date: Oct 2006
- ISSN: 0942-2056
- Volume: 14
- Issue: 10
- Pages: 982-92
- Medium: Print
- Language: English
- Citation (JAMA): Zantop Thore, Petersen Wolf, Sekiya Jon K, et al. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Anatomy and Function Relating to Anatomical Reconstruction.. Oct 2006;14:982-92
Abstract
Recently, the interest in surgical techniques that reconstruct the anteromedial (AM) and the posterolateral (PL) bundles of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has risen. This review focuses on the structural as well as the mechanical properties of the ACL and the anatomical details of the femoral origin, midsubstance, and tibial insertion of AM and PL bundles of the ACL. The terminology of AM and PL bundles is chosen according to the tibial insertion and determined by their functional tensioning pattern throughout knee flexion. Close to extension the AM is moderately loose and the PL is tight. As the knee is flexed, the femoral attachment of the ACL becomes more horizontally oriented, causing the AM bundle to tighten and the PM bundle to loosen up. The ACL has been described to be restraint to anterior tibial displacement and internal tibial rotation. The rotational component might be represented by the PL bundle. The femoral origin has an oval shape with the center of the AM close to over-the-top position and the center of the PL close to the anterior and inferior cartilage margin. Tibial and femoral insertions of the ACL are over 3.5 times larger when compared to the midsubstance and tunnel placement is more challenging because of the limited size of potential grafts selection of tunnel site placement. For reconstruction, both bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) and quadrupled hamstring grafts are used. Structural properties of a 10 mm wide BPTB or quadrupled hamstring graft have been reported to be comparable with those of the native ACL.
Mesh Headings (Keywords): Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Biomechanics, Femur, Humans, Knee Joint, Tibia
Check for Full Text / PubMed Unique Identifier (PMID): 16897068
This abstract is part of PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. PubMed includes more than 17 million citations from MEDLINE and other life science journals for biomedical articles. See Copyright and Disclaimers.
Linked medical terms appearing on this page are added by Healia to help readers find more information and are not part of the original PubMed document.
The data herein was last updated on July 8th, 2008 and may not reflect the most current and accurate data available from NLM.