Neutrophil Elastase in Cyclic and Severe Congenital Neutropenia.
From: Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. horwitz@u.washington.edu
Blood
- Publish Date: Mar 2007
- ISSN: 0006-4971
- Volume: 109
- Issue: 5
- Pages: 1817-24
- Medium: Print
- Language: English
- Citation (JAMA): Horwitz Marshall S, Duan Zhijun, Korkmaz Brice, et al. Neutrophil Elastase in Cyclic and Severe Congenital Neutropenia.. Blood Mar 2007;109:1817-24
Abstract
Mutations in ELA2 encoding the neutrophil granule protease, neutrophil elastase (NE), are the major cause of the 2 main forms of hereditary neutropenia, cyclic neutropenia and severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). Genetic evaluation of other forms of neutropenia in humans and model organisms has helped to illuminate the role of NE. A canine form of cyclic neutropenia corresponds to human Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 2 (HPS2) and results from mutations in AP3B1 encoding a subunit of a complex involved in the subcellular trafficking of vesicular cargo proteins (among which NE appears to be one). Rare cases of SCN are attributable to mutations in the transcriptional repressor Gfi1 (among whose regulatory targets also include ELA2). The ultimate biochemical consequences of the mutations are not yet known, however. Gene targeting of ELA2 has thus far failed to recapitulate neutropenia in mice. The cycling phenomenon and origins of leukemic transformation in SCN remain puzzling. Nevertheless, mutations in all 3 genes are capable of causing the mislocalization of NE and may also induce the unfolded protein response, suggesting that there might a convergent pathogenic mechanism focusing on NE.
Mesh Headings (Keywords): Animals, Cell Differentiation, Genotype, Humans, Leukocyte Elastase, Models, Biological, Mutation, Neutropenia
Check for Full Text / PubMed Unique Identifier (PMID): 17053055
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