Glycemic and Insulinemic Responses As Determinants of Appetite in Humans.
From: Department of Human Nutrition, The Centre for Advanced Food Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
The American journal of clinical nutrition
- Publish Date: Dec 2006
- ISSN: 0002-9165
- Volume: 84
- Issue: 6
- Pages: 1365-73
- Medium: Print
- Language: English
- Citation (JAMA): Flint Anne, Møller Bente K, Raben Anne, et al. Glycemic and Insulinemic Responses As Determinants of Appetite in Humans.. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Dec 2006;84:1365-73
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The importance of the postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses for appetite and energy intake (EI) is controversial. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that postprandial appetite sensations and subsequent EI are determined by postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses after the intake of a range of breakfast meals. DESIGN: The study was a randomized, crossover meal test including 28 healthy young men, each of whom tested 10 of 14 breakfast meals. Each meal contained 50 g carbohydrate with various glycemic index and energy and macronutrient contents. Blood samples were taken, and appetite sensations were measured 3 h after the meals. Subsequently, EI at lunch (EI(lunch)) was recorded. RESULTS: The glycemic response was unrelated to appetite sensations, whereas the insulinemic response was positively associated with postprandial fullness (R2 = 0.33, P < 0.05). In contrast, the insulinemic response was unrelated to the subsequent EI(lunch), whereas the glycemic response was positively associated with EI(lunch) (R2 = 0.33, P < 0.05). Although no significant difference in EI(lunch) was observed between different breakfast conditions, a low breakfast EI was associated with a high EI(lunch) (R2 = 0.60, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The current study does not support the contention that the postprandial glycemic response has an important effect on short-term appetite sensations, but a low-glycemic index meal may reduce subsequent EI. In contrast, postprandial insulin seems to affect short-term appetite sensations.
Mesh Headings (Keywords): Adult, Appetite Regulation, Area Under Curve, Blood Glucose, Cross-Over Studies, Dietary Carbohydrates, Energy Intake, Food Analysis, Glycemic Index, Humans, Insulin, Male, Postprandial Period, Time Factors
Check for Full Text / PubMed Unique Identifier (PMID): 17158418
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