The Antiviral Efficacy of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-specific Cd8+ T Cells is Unrelated to Epitope Specificity and is Abrogated by Viral Escape.
From: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 555 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA.
Journal of virology
- Publish Date: Mar 2007
- ISSN: 0022-538X
- Volume: 81
- Issue: 6
- Pages: 2624-34
- Medium: Print
- Language: English
- Citation (JAMA): Loffredo John T, Burwitz Benjamin J, Rakasz Eva G, et al. The Antiviral Efficacy of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-specific Cd8+ T Cells is Unrelated to Epitope Specificity and is Abrogated by Viral Escape.. J. Virol. Mar 2007;81:2624-34
Abstract
CD8(+) T lymphocytes appear to play a role in controlling human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, yet routine immunological assays do not measure the antiviral efficacy of these cells. Furthermore, it has been suggested that CD8+ T cells that recognize epitopes derived from proteins expressed early in the viral replication cycle can be highly efficient. We used a functional in vitro assay to assess the abilities of different epitope-specific CD8+ T-cell lines to control simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication. We compared the antiviral efficacies of 26 epitope-specific CD8+ T-cell lines directed against seven SIV epitopes in Tat, Nef, Gag, Env, and Vif that were restricted by either Mamu-A*01 or Mamu-A*02. Suppression of SIV replication varied depending on the epitope specificities of the CD8+ T cells and was unrelated to whether the targeted epitope was derived from an early or late viral protein. Tat(28-35)SL8- and Gag(181-189)CM9-specific CD8+ T-cell lines were consistently superior at suppressing viral replication compared to the other five SIV-specific CD8+ T-cell lines. We also investigated the impact of viral escape on antiviral efficacy by determining if Tat(28-35)SL8- and Gag(181-189)CM9-specific CD8+ T-cell lines could suppress the replication of an escaped virus. Viral escape abrogated the abilities of Tat(28-35)SL8- and Gag(181-189)CM9-specific CD8+ T cells to control viral replication. However, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) enzyme-linked immunospot and IFN-gamma/tumor necrosis factor alpha intracellular-cytokine-staining assays detected cross-reactive immune responses against the Gag escape variant. Understanding antiviral efficacy and epitope variability, therefore, will be important in selecting candidate epitopes for an HIV vaccine.
Mesh Headings (Keywords): Animals, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Cell Line, Cells, Cultured, Cross Reactions, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte, Gene Products, gag, Interferon Type II, Macaca mulatta, Point Mutation, RNA, Viral, Simian immunodeficiency virus, T-Lymphocytes, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Viral Load, Virus Replication
Check for Full Text / PubMed Unique Identifier (PMID): 17192314
This abstract is part of PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. PubMed includes more than 17 million citations from MEDLINE and other life science journals for biomedical articles. See Copyright and Disclaimers.
Linked medical terms appearing on this page are added by Healia to help readers find more information and are not part of the original PubMed document.
The data herein was last updated on July 8th, 2008 and may not reflect the most current and accurate data available from NLM.