Crystal Structure of Unautoprocessed Precursor of Subtilisin from a Hyperthermophilic Archaeon: Evidence for Ca2+-induced Folding.
From: Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
The Journal of biological chemistry
- Publish Date: Mar 2007
- ISSN: 0021-9258
- Volume: 282
- Issue: 11
- Pages: 8246-55
- Medium: Print
- Language: English
- Citation (JAMA): Tanaka Shun-ichi, Saito Kenji, Chon Hyongi, et al. Crystal Structure of Unautoprocessed Precursor of Subtilisin from a Hyperthermophilic Archaeon: Evidence for Ca2+-induced Folding.. J. Biol. Chem. Mar 2007;282:8246-55
Abstract
The crystal structure of an active site mutant of pro-Tk-subtilisin (pro-S324A) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis was determined at 2.3 A resolution. The overall structure of this protein is similar to those of bacterial subtilisin-propeptide complexes, except that the peptide bond linking the propeptide and mature domain contacts with the active site, and the mature domain contains six Ca2+ binding sites. The Ca-1 site is conserved in bacterial subtilisins but is formed prior to autoprocessing, unlike the corresponding sites of bacterial subtilisins. All other Ca2+-binding sites are unique in the pro-S324A structure and are located at the surface loops. Four of them apparently contribute to the stability of the central alphabetaalpha substructure of the mature domain. The CD spectra, 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonic acid fluorescence spectra, and sensitivities to chymotryptic digestion of this protein indicate that the conformation of pro-S324A is changed from an unstable molten globule-like structure to a stable native one upon Ca2+ binding. Another active site mutant, pro-S324C, was shown to be autoprocessed to form a propeptide-mature domain complex in the presence of Ca2+. The CD spectra of this protein indicate that the structure of pro-S324C is changed upon Ca2+ binding like pro-S324A but is not seriously changed upon subsequent autoprocessing. These results suggest that the maturation process of Tk-subtilisin is different from that of bacterial subtilisins in terms of the requirement of Ca2+ for folding of the mature domain and completion of the folding process prior to autoprocessing.
Mesh Headings (Keywords): Archaeal Proteins, Binding Sites, Calcium, Crystallography, X-Ray, Molecular Conformation, Mutation, Plasmids, Protein Folding, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Subtilisin, Thermococcus
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