Characterization of the Xylan-degrading Microbial Community from Human Faeces.
From: Unité de Microbiologie, INRA, Centre de Recherches de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, Saint Genès-Champanelle, France.
FEMS microbiology ecology
- Publish Date: Jul 2007
- ISSN: 0168-6496
- Volume: 61
- Issue: 1
- Pages: 121-31
- Medium: Print
- Language: English
- Citation (JAMA): Chassard Christophe, Goumy Vanessa, Leclerc Marion, et al. Characterization of the Xylan-degrading Microbial Community from Human Faeces.. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. Jul 2007;61:121-31
Abstract
In humans, plant cell wall polysaccharides represent an important source of dietary fibres that are digested by gut microorganisms. Despite the extensive degradation of xylan in the colon, the population structure and the taxonomy of the predominant bacteria involved in degradation of this polysaccharide have not been extensively explored. The objective of our study was to characterize the xylanolytic microbial community from human faeces, using xylan from different botanic origins. The xylanolytic population was enumerated at high level in all faecal samples studied. The predominant xylanolytic organisms further isolated (20 strains) were assigned to Roseburia and Bacteroides species. Some Bacteroides isolates corresponded to the two newly described species Bacteroides intestinalis and Bacteroides dorei. Other isolates were closely related to Bacteroides sp. nov., a cellulolytic bacterium recently isolated from human faeces. The remaining Bacteroides strains could be considered to belong to a new species of this genus. Roseburia isolates could be assigned to the species Roseburia intestinalis. The xylanase activity of the Bacteroides and Roseburia isolates was found to be higher than that of other gut xylanolytic species previously identified. Our results provide new insights to the diversity and activity of the human gut xylanolytic community. Four new xylan-degrading Bacteroides species were identified and the xylanolytic capacity of R. intestinalis was further shown.
Mesh Headings (Keywords): Adult, Bacteria, Breath Tests, Case-Control Studies, Colon, Feces, Female, Humans, Male, Methane, Middle Aged, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Xylans, Xylose, Xylosidases
Check for Full Text / PubMed Unique Identifier (PMID): 17391327
This abstract is part of PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. PubMed includes more than 17 million citations from MEDLINE and other life science journals for biomedical articles. See Copyright and Disclaimers.
Linked medical terms appearing on this page are added by Healia to help readers find more information and are not part of the original PubMed document.
The data herein was last updated on July 8th, 2008 and may not reflect the most current and accurate data available from NLM.