Incidence, Complications, and Risk Factors for Prolonged Stay in Children Hospitalized with Community-acquired Influenza.
From: Division of General Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. coffin@email.chop.edu
Pediatrics
- Publish Date: Apr 2007
- ISSN: 1098-4275
- Volume: 119
- Issue: 4
- Pages: 740-8
- Medium: Internet
- Language: English
- Citation (JAMA): Coffin Susan E, Zaoutis Theoklis E, Rosenquist Anna B Wheeler, et al. Incidence, Complications, and Risk Factors for Prolonged Stay in Children Hospitalized with Community-acquired Influenza.. Pediatrics Apr 2007;119:740-8
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Few studies have examined the characteristics and clinical course of children hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza. We sought to (1) estimate the age-specific incidence of influenza-related hospitalizations, (2) describe the characteristics and clinical course of children hospitalized with influenza, and (3) identify risk factors for prolonged hospitalization. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Children < or = 21 years of age hospitalized with community-acquired laboratory-confirmed influenza at a large urban children’s hospital were identified through review of laboratory records and administrative data sources. A neighborhood cohort embedded within our study population was used to estimate the incidence of community-acquired laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalizations among children < 18 years old. Risk factors for prolonged hospitalization (> 6 days) were determined by using logistic regression. RESULTS: We identified 745 children hospitalized with community-acquired laboratory-confirmed influenza during the 4-year study period. In this urban cohort, the incidence of community-acquired laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalization was 7 per 10,000 child-years of observation. The median age was 1.8 years; 25% were infants < 6 months old, and 77% were children < 5 years old. Many children (49%) had a medical condition associated with an increased risk of influenza-related complications. The incidence of influenza-related complications was higher among children with a preexisting high-risk condition than for previously healthy children (29% vs 21%). However, only cardiac and neurologic/neuromuscular diseases were found to be independent risk factors for prolonged hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza is a common cause of hospitalization among both healthy and chronically ill children. Children with cardiac or neurologic/neuromuscular disease are at increased risk of prolonged hospitalization; therefore, children with these conditions and their contacts should be a high priority to receive vaccine. The impact on pediatric hospitalization of the new recommendation to vaccinate all children 6 months to < 5 years old should be assessed.
Mesh Headings (Keywords): Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Child, Child, Hospitalized, Child, Preschool, Confidence Intervals, Cross Infection, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Pediatric, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Influenza, Human, Length of Stay, Logistic Models, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Probability, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Sex Distribution, Time Factors
Check for Full Text / PubMed Unique Identifier (PMID): 17403845
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