Murine Gammaherpesvirus-68 Productively Infects Immature Dendritic Cells and Blocks Maturation.
From: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Sweet, Syracuse, NY, USA.
The Journal of general virology
- Publish Date: Jul 2007
- ISSN: 0022-1317
- Volume: 88
- Issue: Pt 7
- Pages: 1896-905
- Medium: Print
- Language: English
- Citation (JAMA): Hochreiter Romana, Ptaschinski Catherine, Kunkel Steven L, et al. Murine Gammaherpesvirus-68 Productively Infects Immature Dendritic Cells and Blocks Maturation.. J. Gen. Virol. Jul 2007;88:1896-905
Abstract
Many viruses have evolved mechanisms to evade host immunity by subverting the function of dendritic cells (DCs). This study determined whether murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (gamma HV-68) could infect immature or mature bone-marrow-derived DCs and what effect infection had on DC maturation. It was found that gamma HV-68 productively infected immature DCs, as evidenced by increased viral titres over time. If DCs were induced to mature by exposure to LPS and then infected with gamma HV-68, only a small percentage of cells was productively infected. However, limiting-dilution assays to measure viral reactivation demonstrated that the mature DCs were latently infected with gamma HV-68. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of capsids in the nucleus of immature DCs but not in mature DCs. Interestingly, infection of immature DCs by gamma HV-68 did not result in upregulation of the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 or MHC class I and II, or induce cell migration, suggesting that the virus infection did not induce DC maturation. Furthermore, gamma HV-68 infection of immature DCs did not result in elevated interleukin-12, an important cytokine in the induction of T-cell responses. Finally, lipopolysaccharide and poly(I : C) stimulation of gamma HV-68-infected immature DCs did not induce increases in the expression of co-stimulatory molecules and MHC class I or II compared with mock-treated cells, suggesting that gamma HV-68 infection blocked maturation. Taken together, these data demonstrate that gamma HV-68 infection of DCs differs depending on the maturation state of the DC. Moreover, the block in DC maturation suggests a possible immunoevasion strategy by gamma HV-68.
Mesh Headings (Keywords): Animals, Aotidae, Bone Marrow Cells, Cell Differentiation, Cell Line, Chemotaxis, Dendritic Cells, Herpesviridae Infections, Interleukin-10, Interleukin-12, Lipopolysaccharides, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, NIH 3T3 Cells, Poly I-C, Rhadinovirus, Tumor Virus Infections
Check for Full Text / PubMed Unique Identifier (PMID): 17554020
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