Kinematics, Hydrodynamics and Energetic Advantages of Burst-and-coast Swimming of Koi Carps (Cyprinus Carpio Koi).
From: State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. tophow99@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
The Journal of experimental biology
- Publish Date: Jun 2007
- ISSN: 0022-0949
- Volume: 210
- Issue: Pt 12
- Pages: 2181-91
- Medium: Print
- Language: English
- Citation (JAMA): Wu Guanhao, Yang Yan, Zeng Lijiang, et al. Kinematics, Hydrodynamics and Energetic Advantages of Burst-and-coast Swimming of Koi Carps (Cyprinus Carpio Koi).. J. Exp. Biol. Jun 2007;210:2181-91
Abstract
Koi carps frequently swim in burst-and-coast style, which consists of a burst phase and a coast phase. We quantify the swimming kinematics and the flow patterns generated by the carps in burst-and-coast swimming. In the burst phase, the carps burst in two modes: in the first, the tail beats for at least one cycle (multiple tail-beat mode); in the second, the tail beats for only a half-cycle (half tail-beat mode). The carp generates a vortex ring in each half-cycle beat. The vortex rings generated during bursting in multiple tail-beat mode form a linked chain, but only one vortex ring is generated in half tail-beat mode. The wake morphologies, such as momentum angle and jet angle, also show much difference between the two modes. In the burst phase, the kinematic data and the impulse obtained from the wake are linked to obtain the drag coefficient (C(d,burst) approximately 0.242). In the coast phase, drag coefficient (C(d,coast) approximately 0.060) is estimated from swimming speed deceleration. Our estimation suggests that nearly 45% of energy is saved when burst-and-coast swimming is used by the koi carps compared with steady swimming at the same mean speed.
Mesh Headings (Keywords): Animals, Biomechanics, Carps, Swimming
Check for Full Text / PubMed Unique Identifier (PMID): 17562892
This abstract is part of PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. PubMed includes more than 17 million citations from MEDLINE and other life science journals for biomedical articles. See Copyright and Disclaimers.
Linked medical terms appearing on this page are added by Healia to help readers find more information and are not part of the original PubMed document.
The data herein was last updated on July 8th, 2008 and may not reflect the most current and accurate data available from NLM.